Diseño y evaluación de compuestos funcionales del jugo de dos genotipos de Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., para nuevos proyectos rurales

Abstract

Secondary metabolites of two genotypes (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) Were evaluated by means of ethanolic and methanolic extracts by the method of maceration of fruits; with emphasis on the determination of antioxidant activity for the design and evaluation of a nutraceutical drink. The results recorded that both genotypes contain phenolic compounds and tetracyclic triterpenes that act synergistically in the juice (cucurbitacins B, D, E and I). The physicochemical, microbiological and phytochemical evaluation of the juice showed significant differences in total sugars, titratable acidity, pH, vitamin C, chlorophylls and color. Pasteurization registered a significant reduction in the number of initial microorganisms, and considering that there was no addition of preservatives, their useful life is subject to refrigeration conditions at 6 °C. The beverage designed with the juice, recorded in its composition phenols, flavonoids and cucurbitacins, metabolites that have tested functional biological activity for human health. The beverage represents part of the program of productive and economic diversification, for the central region of Veracruz, Mexico that cultivates about 2000 ha of chayote and production of 180,000 t of fruit in a period of six months. This allows to take advantage of surpluses and non-exportable fruits, induce innovation and contribute to public health.