Estudio de la anisotropía en el desarrollo de biomateriales de nanofibras obtenidos por electrohilado

Abstract

The possibility of creating nanofibers allows their application in several research areas (filtration, biotechnology or catalysis). However, the main advances about nanofibers are related to the fabrication of biomaterials (scaffolds) for regenerative medicine. Among the possible techniques to obtain nanofibers, the electrospinning technique stands out, which allows the formation of nanofibrous membranes from polymer solutions obtained from combinations of synthetic and/or natural polymers. The industrial relevance of this technique lies in the high reproducibility for specific processing conditions (flow, voltage and/or humidity) during the formation of the nanofibers. Among these conditions, rotational collector speed stands out, as it allows the orientation of the fibers and, therefore, inducing a significant change in the properties of the biomaterials obtained according to the direction (anisotropy). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the orientation of the nanofibers on the properties of biomaterials obtained by electrospinning. To this end, a morphological and functional characterization of the obtained structures was performed. The results revealed that a greater orientation of the fibers caused significant variations in the properties of the biomaterials depending on the orientation.