LAS TÉCNICAS DE TELEDETECCIÓN POR SATELITE EN VITICULTURA DE PRECISIÓN

Abstract

Since 1999 several commercial satellites of very high resolution have been launched be in able to obtain information about any object in the terrestrial surface with a size upper of 60 cm. These satellites are orbiting over the Earth and supply customized information (the user choose how, when and where the satellite ad quires the image).The satellite images record the interaction between vineyards with the electromagnetic radiation of the visible and nearinfrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. These interactions are directly related with the greenness of the plants, the photosynthetic activity rate and the biomass amount of the plant. The obtained information from satellite images can be, immediately, used in the improvement of the vineyard management because it allows us: a) To assess the existing variability of the exploitation in critic periods of the vegetative development, and b) To establish areas with homogeneous characteristics in the exploitation. The acquired information before harvesting allows improve the work planning and to carry out the process in a selective way. An integrated analysis with data from the plant-climate-soil sensors and with the information from satellite images provides continuous spatial temporal information to carry out an agricultural management addressed to the homogenization of the exploitation. Keywords: Precision growing viticulture, teledetection, remote sensors, plant climate-soil sensors