Variables influyentes en el consumo energético del parque edificatorio residencial: análisis a partir de datos de consumo reales

Abstract

The upward trend in the residential sector of energy use has significant consequences in terms of environmental impacts and energy dependence. Numerous studies analysed the factors that explain this trend, nonetheless they were mainly based on estimated consumption data obtained from dynamic simulations tools. These also usually considered the construction characteristics of the building, but they missed behavioural patterns related to users’ dwellings. This paper analyses the energy performance of existing residential stocks based on real consumption data. To do this, a methodology divided into three stages has been proposed. Stage I addresses the collection of real energy consumption data from a sample of dwellings and its characteristics, both construction features and occupants’ behavioural habits, through a survey designed for this purpose. In Stage II, the information collected is disaggregated into a set of covariates (characteristics of the dwelling and occupants’ habits) and response variables (energy consumption data). Stage III develops a statistical model that allows analysing how covariates affect the response variables and, therefore, identifying those most influential factors on dwelling’s real energy consumption.