ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA E ECOLÓGICA DE ÔNIBUS URBANO ACIONADO COM CÉLULA A COMBUSTÍVEL.

Abstract

This work aims to assess economically and ecologically aspects of urban buses moved by fuel cell. The economic analysis will compare buses moved by internal combution engine feed by diesel and buses moved by fuel cell and hydrogen produced from several kinds of production: natural gas steam reforming, ethanol steam reforming, electrolyze by wind turbine and electrolyze by hydroelectric power plant. The main reason for the study of the replacement of internal combustion engines vehicles by fuel cells vehicle is the reduction of pollutants emission The fuel cells vehicles does not emit pollutants directly, the great emission of this technology is linked with hydrogen production, due to hydrogen not exist how primary energy source in nature, needin, then, be obtained by processes that require energy consumption and consequently emit pollutants. Thus, the fuel cell hydrogen must be produced in a sustainable way. The ecological analysis will be performed by the calculation of ecological efficiency, pollution indicator and CO2 equivalent, evaluating how polluter are hydrogen production process already mentioned above and indicating which method is more ecologically feasible Keywords : Hydrogen, Ecological efficiency, Urban buses, Economic analysis.