EXTRACTOS DE FRUTOS DE CUCURBITA FOETIDISSIMA (KUNTH IN HUMB.), INHIBEN EL CRECIMIENTO DE FITOPATÓGENOS DE INTERÉS AGRÍCOLA

Abstract

The vegetal species have inhibitory effects on plague organisms by action of secondary metabolites of cytotoxic action for survival in their natural environment. In sustainable agriculture, products that control organisms in a biological way are sought, avoiding harm to consumer health. Six crude extracts of Cucurbita foetidissima fruits, from semi-arid areas, were obtained from Ags., Jalisco, SLP and Zacatecas, Mexico. The effect in vitro was evaluated as a percentage of inhibition of five-day mycelial growth on Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Fusarium and Botrytis, which cause economic losses (≥ 22%). All the extracts inhibited the growth of the colonies (less than 0.0001), with differential effect depending on the origin of the fruit. 19-Rincón de Romos, Ags., And 25-Villa de Ramos, SLP., Inhibited 100% Rhizoctonia. Site 23-Salinas SLP., Allowed 13.57% growth of Botrytis, and inhibited the total growth of Rhyzoctonia. Excerpt from site 8-Loreto, Zacatecas, inhibited Botrytis, and Rhyzoctonia in 100%. Fusarium spp., And Phytophtora spp., Recorded an average growth of 46.7% and 42.4%, respectively, with the extracts and provenances, with the inference attributed to tetracyclic triterpenes. These fungi are resistant to synthetic fungicides, for their control multiple products are used, polluting vegetables in the field, postharvest and consumer.